Tag Archives: urgent calls

URGENT: Shahrudi authorized Saeed’s execution

URGENT CALL 

The head of Iran’s judiciary has issued the final permission to execute Saeed Jazee, the 21 year old Iranian boy who was sentenced to death for an alleged murder at the age of 17. The victim was 5 years older than him at the time. 

In December of 2007, Iranian children rights attorney Mohammad Mostafaei sent SCE a copy of his letter to Iran’s head of Judiciary, Ayatollah Shahrudi, in which he detailed the case of Saeed Jazee. The alleged victim was 5 years older than him at the time. 

Saeed’s attorney in the letter to Shahrudi explained that Saeed who is a sculpturing artist went to the sandwich shop of his close friend to eat while his family were on vacation. He picked a sandwich and started eating and the new employee, who did not know Saeed started arguing, took the kitchen knife and attacked Saeed . Saeed resisted and the knife fell and Saeed in order to scare and stop the employee picked up the knife but the employee charged towards him while Saeed was holding the knife. After being injured , Saeed tried to help and even other employees who had seen the incident hid the knife since they felt that Saeed was not at fault. Saeed’s attorney thinks that the alleged victim was the cause of his own death and he suspects that he may have been under a drug or alcohol influence and states that the body should have been tested for drugs.

Under Article 206 (b) of Iran’s Criminal Code, murder is classed as premeditated “in cases where the murderer intentionally makes an action which is inherently lethal, even if [the murderer] does not intend to kill the person.”

On January 9th, 2008 Amnesty International also issued an urgent action request to save Saeed’s life.

To help save Saeed from execution please send appeals to arrive as quickly as possible, in Persian, Arabic, English, French or your own language:

expressing concern that Saeed Jazee is at risk of execution for a crime committed when he was under 18;
– calling on the authorities to commute his death sentence;
– reminding them that Iran is a state party to both the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), which prohibits the use of the death penalty against those
under the age of 18 at the time of offense, and that the execution of Saeed Jazee would therefore be a violation of
international law;
– urging the authorities to pass legislation to abolish the death penalty for offences committed by persons under the
age of 18, so bringing Iran’s domestic law in line with its obligations under international law;
– stating that you acknowledge the right and responsibility of governments to bring to justice those suspected of criminal offences, but unconditionally opposes child executions.


APPEALS TO:


Leader of the Islamic Republic

Ayatollah Sayed ‘Ali Khamenei
The Office of the Supreme Leader, Islamic Republic Street – Shahid Keshvar Doust Street
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: info@leader.ir

Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh / Office of the Head of the Judiciary
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran 1316814737, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: info@dadgostary-tehran.ir (In subject line write: FAO Ayatollah Shahroudi)

Minister of Intelligence
Gholam Hossein Mohseni Ejeie
Ministry of Intelligence, Second Negarestan Street, Pasdaran Avenue, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran

COPIES TO:
President
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
The Presidency, Palestine Avenue, Azerbaijan Intersection
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Fax: + 98 21 6 649 5880
Email: dr-ahmadinejad@president.ir
via website:
http://www.president.ir/email/


Director, Human Rights Headquarters of Iran
Mohammad Javad Larijani
C/o Office of the Deputy for International Affairs
Ministry of Justice,
Ministry of Justice Building, Panzdah-Khordad (Ark) Square,
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Fax: + 98 21 5 537 8827 (please keep trying)

and to diplomatic representatives of Iran accredited to your country.

در انتظار چوبه دار با موافقت رئيس قوه‌قضاييه

 محمد مصطفايي وكيل  سعيد جزي

 
نوجوانی دیگر به پای چوبه دار خواهد رفت
سعيد جزي نفر سومی که آقای شاهرودی با اجرای حکم قصاص نفس (اعدام) وی موافقت نمودند.

پروندة سعيد جزي كه در سن 17 سالگي به اتهام قتل عمد دستگير و سپس با طي تشريفات قانوني توسط شعبه 1183 به قصاص نفس محكوم شد ، جهت اعمال مادة 205 قانون مجازات اسلامي از سوي اجراي احكام دادسراي امور جنايي تهران جهت استيذان به دفتر رياست قوه قضاييه ارسال شده بود که متاسفانه ایشان با اجرای حکم موافقت نمودند. با این وصف سعید جزی محکوم به اعدام زیر 18 سال در صورتی که اولیاء دم رضایت ندهند به زودی اعدام خواهد شد.
سعيد جزي كه در هنر مجسمه سازي در كانون اصلاح و تربيت فعاليت داشته، و اكنون در زندان رجايي شهر كرج به سر مي برد در تاريخ 23/3/1382 ناخواسته و بدون آنكه سؤ نيتي در ارتكاب قتل عمد داشته باشد در يك درگيري بچگانه با چاقويي كه در دست مرتضي جان زمين ( مقتول ) بود وي را به صورت غير عمد به قتل مي رساند.
موكل در هنگام وقوع جرم فاقد رشد عقلاني بوده و سن و سال وي به ميزاني نبوده تا قتلي را به عمد رقم زند مضافاً به اينكه مقتول پنج سال از موكل بزرگتر بوده و با اقدامي ناشيانه و غير معقول عليه خود اين جنايت را به بار آورده است به هر حال امروز آن پسر 17 ساله به سن 21 سالگي رسيده و پشت ميله هاي زندان ، تنها اميدش به رياست محترم قوه قضاييه بوده که ایشان هیچگونه ترتیب اثری به ایرادات پرونده نداند و حال امیدش به اولياء دم مقتول و فعالین حقوق بشر است تا وي را به زندگي برگردانند.
در ساعت بيست مورخ 23/3/1382 ، به دليل آنكه اعضاي خانوادة موكل در مسافرت به سر مي بردند، وي به اغذيه فروشي يكي از دوستانش كه در محلة خودشان واقع بود مراجعه مي نمايد در آن زمان دوست موكل حضور نداشت و مرحوم مرتضي جان زمين به تازگي استخدام و مشغول به كار بود موكل از روي پيش خوان، ساندويچي برداشته و شروع به خوردن مي نمايد مرتضي چون موكل را نمي شناخت شروع به فحاشي كرده و در حالي كه لقمه در دهان وي بود ، با مشت به صورتش زده و درگيري ايجاد مي شود مقتول كه در دستش چاقوي آشپزخانه بود از پشت پيش خوان بيرون آمده و تهديد به ضربه زدن با چاقو مي نمايد موكل از بيم جانش، مقتول را به سمت ديوار هل داده و چاقو از دستان مقتول جدا مي شود موكل از ترس چاقو را بر مي دارد و در حالي كه قصد ترساندن مقتول را با چاقو داشت مقتول به سمت موكل رفته و ناخودآگاه لبة چاقو به شكم مقتول اصابت مي كند و در نهايت با رساندن مرحوم به بيمارستان وي جان مي سپارد.
موكل در تمام مراحل دادرسي به جزء واقعيت مطلبي ديگري عنوان نكرده و تمام سعي و توان خود را به كار بسته تا مرتضي از مرگ نجات يابد. سن و سال موكل به قدري اندك بود كه متصدي ساندويچي ، موكل را دلداري داده و چاقوي آشپزخانه را پنهان مي كند .
در اين پرونده نكاتي حائز اهميت است و آن اينكه :
اولاً – موكل هيچگونه قصد و سؤ نيتي در ارتكاب جرم قتل عمد نداشته و برخلاف بند ب مادة 206 قانون مجازات اسلامي عمداً كاري را انجام نداده كه نوعاً كشنده باشد .
ثانياً – هيچگونه اختلافي بين موكل و مقتول وجود نداشته و انگيزة ديگري هم كه قصد قتل را توجيه كند در پرونده احراز نمي گردد و گزارش معاينه جسد كه علت فوت مرحوم را خونريزي داخلي و پارگي احشاء بدن در اثر اصابت جسم نوك تيز و برنده در زير جناغ سينه اعلام نموده كه مانند ناحيه قلب نوعاً كشنده نيست ، مقصود و مراد وي نبوده تا از مصاديق فعل نوعاً كشنده به شمار آيد .
ثالثاً – در پرونده به روشني علت تأمة مرگ مشخص نشده و به پاسخ كميسيون پزشكي قانوني كه در نظرية مورخ 6/8/1383 صراحتاً در پاسخ به ابهامات بوجود آمده در پرونده اعلام مي نمايند « فاصله زماني ميان ايراد جرح و انتقال به بيمارستان با انجام تحقيق قضايي روشن خواهد شد.» جامع عمل پوشانده نشده و تحقيقات در اين زمينه متوقف گرديده است.
رابعاً – درگيريهايي كه بين مقتول و موكل وجود داشت و اوضاع و احوال قضيه نشان مي دهد كه مقتول با عصبانيت و حالتي غير متعارف و غير ارادي به سمت موكل هجوم برده و با در دست داشتن چاقو قصد درگيري فيزيكي با موكل را داشته است . اين احتمال وجود دارد كه مقتول حالت عادي نداشته و نتيجه آزمايش سم شناسي مي تواند بسياري از ابهامات را روشن نمايند در حالي كه عليرغم برداشتن خون مقتول جهت آزمايش سم شناسي، پاسخي واصل نشده و در اين خصوص نيز تحقيقي انجام نشده است .
خامساً – ايران در سال 1354به ميثاق بين المللي حقوق مدني و سياسي پيوسته و در سال 1372 نيز كنوانسيون حقوق كودك را پذيرفته است در مادة 37 اين كنوانسيون اعدام اطفال زير 18 سال منع گرديده و با تصويب مجلس شوراي اسلامي ، اعضاي محترم شوراي نگهبان هيچگونه ايرادي به مادة فوق وارد نياورده و اينك طبق مادة 9 قانون مدني اين ماده از كنوانسيون در حكم قانون مي باشد اين موضوع نيز از ديد قضات محترم رسيدگي كننده به پرونده پنهان مانده است هر چند رويه قضايي نيز آثاري بر اين دو سند بين المللي مترتب نمي نمايد .
توضیح تکمیلی در مورد برخلاف قانون بودن احکام صادره نسبت به افرادی که در زمان وقوع جرم سنشان زیر 18 سال بوده اینکه:

در سال 1372 كنوانسيون حقوق كودك وارد صحن علني مجلس شوراي اسلامي گرديد و نمايندگان محترم مجلس با اكثريت آراء مواد آنرا به تصويب رساندند پس از آنكه كنوانسيون به شوراي محترم نگهبان ارجاع گرديد، اعضاي محترم شورا با حق شرط، كنوانسيون حقوق كودك را تأييد نمودند.
مادة واحدة قانون الحاق دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران به كنوانسيون ياد شده مقرر مي دارد:
« كنوانسيون حقوق كودك مشتمل بر يك مقدمه و 54 ماده به شرح پيوست تصويب و اجازه الحاق دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران به آن داده مي شود. مشروط بر آنكه مفاد آن در هر مورد و هر زمان در تعارض با قوانين داخلي و موازين اسلامي قرار گيرد از طرف دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران لازم الرعايه نباشد.»
شوراي محترم نگهبان در نظريه شمارة 5760 مورخ 4/11/1372 خود به مجلس شوراي اسلامي، مشخصاً موارد مخالفت كنوانسيون را با موازين شرع به اين شرح اعلام داشت:« بند 1 مادة 12 و بند هاي 1و3 ماده 13 و بند 1و3 ماده 14 و بند 2 ماده 15 و بند 1 ماده 16 و بند د قسمت 1 ماده 29 مغاير موازين شرع شناخته شد.» نتيجه اينكه به غير از موارد ياد شده، ديگر مواد كنوانسيون هيچگونه مغايرتي با شرع نداشته و در محاكم دادگستري مستند به مادة 9 قانون مدني كه مقرر مي دارد:« مقررات عهودي كه بر طبق قانون اساسي بين دولت ايران و ساير دول، منعقد شده باشد در حكم قانون است.» لازم الرعايه مي باشد.
ماده 37 كنوانسيون حقوق كودك مقرر مي دارد: كشورهاي عضو تضمين خواهند كرد كه:
«……… مجازات مرگ يا حبس ابد بدون امكان آزادي، نبايد در مورد جرمهايي كه اشخاص زير 18 سال مرتكب مي شوند اعمال گردد.»
با این وصف محرز و مسلم است که صدور حكم به سلب حيات ( قصاص نفس ) سعید جزی و ديگر اشخاصي كه در سن زير 18 سال مرتكب جرم مي شوند بر خلاف صريح قانون بوده و دادنامه هاي صادره از اين حيث مخدوش است.

در حال حاضر سه نفر از محکومین به اعدام به نامهای بهنام زارع، بهنود شجاعی و سعید جزی که در زمان ارتکاب جرم سنشان زیر 18 سال بوده، به امید نجات جانشان در زندان بازداشت می باشند.
با تشكر و احترام
محمد مصطفايي وكيل آقاي سعيد جزي

 

URGENT CALL: Imprisoned Iranian activist’s life is in danger

Following is a new urgent action call by Amnesty about Emadeddin Baghi, the Iranian human and children rights activist who is currently imprisoned in Iran. 

In July 2007, Mr. Baghi published the first comprehensive report about child executions in Iran. It was after Mr. Baghi’s report that the recorded number of the children facing execution rose drastically. Shortly after the report Mr. Baghi was sentenced to 3 years imprisonment with the alleged charges of  “assembly” and “conspiracy for crimes against country’s security” and  “propaganda against regime of Islamic Republic of Iran for benefit of foreign and opposition forces”.  

Regardless, Mr.  Baghi continued his human rights efforts. He and his wife were also present on the scheduled day of execution of Sina Paymard, the young flute player who was scheduled to be taken to the execution pole for the second time but was saved in July 2007 by mediations and offering blood money to the family of the alleged victim. SCE issued its first urgent call in October 2007. Mr. Baghi maintains a website at www.emadbaghi.com.

AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL

PUBLIC AI Index: MDE 13/069/2008
16 May 2008

UA 130/08 Prisoner of conscience/Medical concern

IRAN Emadeddin Baghi (m), aged 46, human rights defender

Journalist and human rights defender Emadeddin Baghi suffered a seizure on 7 May in Tehran’s Evin prison; he was treated in the prison hospital and sent back to his cell the same day. Amnesty International is concerned that Emadeddin Baghi is not receiving adequate medical treatment, putting his life in danger.

Emadeddin Baghi was arrested on 14 October 2007 when he responded to a summons to appear before Branch 14 of the Revolutionary Court in Tehran. He was questioned about his activities as head of an NGO, the Association for the Defence of Prisoners’ Rights. He was accused of “publishing secret government documents”. Court officials set bail at 500 million Rials (approx. US$54,000). While his family were in the process of delivering the money, they were told that instead of being released on bail, he must serve a suspended sentence of one year’s imprisonment, which had been imposed after an unfair trial in 2003, during which he had no access to a lawyer. The court authorities revoked the bail, and Emaddedin Baghi was immediately returned to prison. Amnesty International considers him a prisoner of conscience, held solely for peacefully exercising his right to freedom of expression.

On 26 December 2007, while in solitary confinement in Evin prison in Tehran, Emadeddin Baghi suffered the first of two seizures. He was taken to hospital, where he had a second seizure. Despite this, he was returned to prison the following day. On 17 January 2008 he was moved to hospital and granted bail for one month’s treatment, until 26 February. This was extended, and he returned to prison on 16 April, although his doctors insisted that he should convalesce in a calm, quiet environment with no stressful conditions or situations. Emadeddin Baghi was brought before Branch 12 of the Revolutionary Court in Tehran for further interrogation on 7 May. That day he suffered a heart attack: he was treated at the prison’s medical facility, and sent back to his cell that evening. He found that his cell had been ransacked: his books, his writings and the file he was preparing for his defence had been taken. His family were allowed to visit him on 13 May, and found him to be very weak and pale.

On 29 April, Emaddedin Baghi had been acquitted by Branch 44 of the Appeal Court of “activities against national security” and “publicity in favour of the regime’s opponents,” for which he could have received three years’ imprisonment. However, new charges have been brought against him. These relate to his use of the media to criticize the behaviour of the prison authorities in 2006 when they tried to stop Sayed Ali Akbar Mousavi-Kho’ini from attending his father’s funeral while he was detained there. See UA 181/06 (MDE 13/075/2006, 30 June 2006) and follow ups (MDE 13/109/2006, 26 September 2006; MDE 13/003/2007, 17 January 2007).

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Iranian legislation severely restricts freedom of expression and association, and human rights defenders often face harassment, imprisonment and torture.

The Iranian Constitution protects freedom of expression and belief: Article 23 states that “The investigation of individuals’ beliefs is forbidden” and that “No one may be molested or taken to task simply for holding a certain belief.” Article 24 provides for freedom of expression in press and publications. Iran is a state party to international human rights treaties that enshrine these rights, notably the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

The Penal Code contains a number of vaguely worded provisions relating to association and “national security” which prohibit a range of activities, many of them connected with journalism or public discourse, which are permitted under international human rights law. Human rights defenders are often imprisoned on politically motivated criminal charges. Many are subject to travel bans that prevent them from leaving the country.

RECOMMENDED ACTION: Please send appeals to arrive as quickly as possible, in Persian, Arabic, English, French or your own language:
– expressing concern that Emadeddin Baghi, who suffered two seizures on 7 May, is not receiving adequate medical treatment;
– urging the authorities to grant him immediate and unconditional access to the medical treatment that he needs;
– calling on them to release Emadeddin Baghi immediately and unconditionally, as he is a prisoner of conscience, held solely for the peaceful exercise of his right to freedom of expression.

APPEALS TO:
Leader of the Islamic Republic
His Excellency Ayatollah Sayed ‘Ali Khamenei
The Office of the Supreme Leader, Islamic Republic Street – Shahid Keshvar Doust Street
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: info@leader.ir
Salutation: Your Excellency

Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh / Office of the Head of the Judiciary
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran 1316814737, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: info@dadgostary-tehran.ir (In subject line write: FAO Ayatollah Shahroudi)
Salutation: Your Excellency

Minister of Intelligence
Gholam Hossein Mohseni Ejeie
Ministry of Intelligence, Second Negarestan Street, Pasdaran Avenue, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Salutation: Your Excellency

COPIES TO:
President
His Excellency Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
The Presidency, Palestine Avenue, Azerbaijan Intersection
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Fax: + 98 21 6 649 5880
Email: dr-ahmadinejad@president.ir


Director, Human Rights Headquarters of Iran
His Excellency Mohammad Javad Larijani
C/o Office of the Deputy for International Affairs
Ministry of Justice,
Ministry of Justice Building, Panzdah-Khordad (Ark) Square,
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Fax: + 98 21 5 537 8827 (please keep trying)

and to diplomatic representatives of Iran accredited to your country.

PLEASE SEND APPEALS IMMEDIATELY. Check with the International Secretariat, or your section office, if sending appeals after 27 June 2008.(

Amnesty International update on Behnoud Shojaee

PUBLIC         – AI Index: MDE 13/066/2008        
08 May 2008
Further Information on UA 114/08 (MDE 13/065/2008, 29 April 2008) Imminent Execution
IRAN – Behnoud Shojaee (m), aged 20, juvenile offender

The execution of juvenile offender, Behnoud Shojaee, which was scheduled to take place on 7 May, has been stayed for a month on order of the Head of the Judiciary. This is to allow Behnoud Shojaee to seek a pardon from the family of the boy he was convicted of fatally stabbing on 18 June 2005, and to allow the two families to reach a financial settlement.  Should an agreement not be made, Behnoud Shojaee remains at risk of being executed.

Behnoud Shojaee, then aged 17, intervened to stop a fight between a friend and another boy named Omid in a park in Tehran. The boy then started a fight with Behnoud Shojaee and threatened him with a knife. During the fight Behnoud Shojaee picked a shard of glass and stabbed Omid once in the chest, before fleeing the scene.

Behnoud Shojaee was sentenced to qesas (retribution) by Branch 74 of the Criminal Court in Tehran on 2 October 2006. During his trial, Behnoud Shojaee was not afforded legal representation and was therefore made to write a request for re-examination and re-trial of his case himself.  According to his lawyer who recently took up his case, Behnoud Shojaee maintained throughout his trial that he only stabbed Omid once even though the coroner’s report stated that the victim died as a result of sustaining several injuries. His claims were never investigated and Behnoud Shojaee’s sentence was nevertheless confirmed by Branch 33 of the Supreme Court on 30 June 2007.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
As a state party to both the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), Iran has undertaken not to execute juvenile offenders, those convicted of crimes committed when they were under 18. However, since 1990 Iran has executed at least 28 juvenile offenders, six of them in 2007. At least 84 juvenile offenders are now on death row in Iran. This number may be even higher as at least a further 15 Afghan juvenile offenders have reportedly been sentenced to death. For more information about executions of juvenile offenders in Iran, please see: Iran: The last executioner of children (MDE 13/059/2007, June 2007), http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engmde130592007.

Amnesty International opposes the death penalty in all cases, and supports the global trend away from the use of the death penalty, powerfully expressed in the UN General Assembly’s resolution calling for a worldwide moratorium on executions on 18 December 2007.

RECOMMENDED ACTION: Please send appeals to arrive as quickly as possible, in Persian, Arabic, English or your own language:
– welcoming the stay of execution of Behnoud Shojaee;
– calling on the authorities to commute the death sentence of Behnoud Shojaee, who remains at risk of execution for a crime committed when he was under 18 and the death sentences of all juvenile offenders sentenced to death in Iran;
– acknowledging that governments have a right and responsibility to bring to justice those suspected of criminal offences in proceedings that meet international standards for fair trial, but pointing out that the death penalty is the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment;
– calling on the authorities to pass, as a matter of urgency, legislation abolishing the death penalty for all offences committed by those under 18, in accordance with Iran’s obligations as a state party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

 
APPEALS TO:
Leader of the Islamic Republic
His Excellency Ayatollah Sayed ‘Ali Khamenei
The Office of the Supreme Leader
Islamic Republic Street – Shahid Keshvar Doust Street
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email:                 info@leader.ir
Salutation:         Your Excellency

Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh / Office of the Head of the Judiciary
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran 1316814737, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email:                 info@dadgostary-tehran.ir (In the subject line write: FAO Ayatollah Shahroudi)
Salutation:         Your Excellency

COPIES TO:
President
His Excellency Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
The Presidency, Palestine Avenue, Azerbaijan Intersection, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email:                 dr-ahmadinejad@president.ir OR via website: www.president.ir/email

and to diplomatic representatives of Iran accredited to your country.
PLEASE SEND APPEALS IMMEDIATELY. Check with the International Secretariat, or your section office, if sending appeals after 19 June 2008.

Working to protect human rights worldwide

URGENT: Iranian Boy facing imminent execution in 8 days

AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL
PUBLIC         – AI Index:  MDE 13/065/2008                

29 April 2008
UA 114/08 – Imminent Execution                
IRAN        Behnoud Shojaee (m), aged 20,

Behnoud Shojaee is facing imminent execution for a murder committed when he was 17 years old, even though Iran is a state party to international treaties including the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), which expressly prohibit the execution of child offenders. The Office for the Implementation of Sentences has scheduled his execution to take place at 5:00 am on 7 May 2008.

On 18 June 2005, Behnoud Shojaee, then aged 17, intervened to stop a fight between his friend Hesam and another boy named Omid in Park-e-Vanak in Tehran. Behnoud Shojaee managed to separate the two boys but Omid swore at him, started a fight and threatened him with a knife. During the fight Behnoud Shojaee picked a shard of glass and stabbed Omid once in the chest, before fleeing the scene.
Behnoud Shojaee was sentenced to qesas (retribution) by Branch 74 of the Criminal Court in Tehran on 2 October 2006. During his trial, Behnoud Shojaee was not afforded legal representation and was therefore made to write a request for re-examination and re-trial of his case himself. According to his lawyer who recently took up his case, Behnoud Shojaee maintained throughout his trial that he only stabbed Omid once even though the coroner’s report stated that the victim died as a result of sustaining several injuries. His claims were never investigated and Behnoud Shojaee’s sentence was nevertheless confirmed by Branch 33 of the Supreme Court on 30 June 2007.

Under Article 206 (b) of Iran’s Criminal Code, murder is classed as premeditated “in cases where the murderer intentionally makes an action which is inherently lethal, even if [the murderer] does not intend to kill the person.”

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
As a state party to both the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), Iran has undertaken not to execute child offenders, those convicted of crimes committed when they were under 18. However, since 1990 Iran has executed at least 28 child offenders, six of them in 2007. At least 86 child offenders are now on death row in Iran. This number may be even higher as at least a further 15 Afghan child offenders have reportedly been sentenced to death. For more information about executions of child offenders in Iran, please see: Iran: The last executioner of children (MDE 13/059/2007, June 2007), http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engmde130592007.

Amnesty International opposes the death penalty in all cases, and supports the global trend away from the use of the death penalty, powerfully expressed in the UN General Assembly’s resolution calling for a worldwide moratorium on executions on 18 December 2007.

RECOMMENDED ACTION:


Please send appeals to arrive as quickly as possible, in Persian, Arabic, English or your own language:

– calling on the authorities to commute the death sentence of Behnoud Shojaee, who is at imminent risk of execution for a crime committed when he was under 18;
– reminding them that Iran is a state party to both the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), which prohibits the use of the death penalty against those under the age of 18 at the time of offence, and that the execution of Behnoud Shojaee would therefore be a violation of international law;
– urging the authorities to pass legislation to abolish the death penalty for offences committed by people under the age of 18, so bringing Iran’s domestic law in line with its obligations under international law;
– stating that Amnesty International acknowledges the right and responsibility of governments to bring to justice those suspected of criminal offences in proceedings that meet international fair trial standards, but unconditionally opposes the death penalty.

APPEALS TO:
Leader of the Islamic Republic
His Excellency Ayatollah Sayed ‘Ali Khamenei
The Office of the Supreme Leader
Islamic Republic Street – Shahid Keshvar Doust Street
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email:                 info@leader.ir
Salutation:         Your Excellency

Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh / Office of the Head of the Judiciary
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran 1316814737, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email:                 info@dadgostary-tehran.ir (In the subject line write: FAO Ayatollah Shahroudi)
Salutation:         Your Excellency

COPIES TO:
President
His Excellency Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
The Presidency, Palestine Avenue, Azerbaijan Intersection, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email:                 dr-ahmadinejad@president.ir OR via website: www.president.ir/email

and to diplomatic representatives of Iran accredited to your country.
PLEASE SEND APPEALS IMMEDIATELY

بهنود شجاعي ده روز دیگر اعدام خواهد شد

 محمد مصطفایی وکیل بهنود شجاعی

بهنود شجاعي كه محكوم است در سن 17 سالگی مرتکب قتل احسان نصرالهی شده در روز چهارشنبه مورخ 18/2/1387 یعنی ده روز دیگر در زندان اوین اعدام خواهد شد متن ذیل نامه ای است که اینجانب به عنوان وکیل محکوم به مرگ به ریاست قوه قضاییه مرقوم نموده ام

به نام خدا
ریاست محترم قوه قضاییه جناب آیت الله شاهرودی
با سلام و عرض ادب،
اینجانب در تاریخ 7/2/1387 به زندان رجایی شهر کرج رفته و وکالت آقای بهنود شجاعی  را که توسط قضات شعبه 74 کیفری استان تهران طی دادنامه شماره 62 مورخ 10/7/1385 محکوم به قصاص نفس شده را پذیرفتم. در تاریخ 8/2/1387 به دایره اجرای احکام دادسرای ناحیه 27 تهران ویژه امور جنایی مراجعه و توانستم پرونده اتهامی موکلم را مطالعه کنم. ضمن آنکه  ایراداتی  و ابهامات بسیاری در اجرای حکم صادره وجود دارد تمام مراحل و تشریفات اجرا طی شده و با استیذان از آن مقام معظم وقت اجرای حکم به تاریخ 18/2/1387
ساعت 5 صبح در محل زندان اوین تعیین شده است.

حال بنا به مراتب ذیل خواستار توقف عملیات اجرایی حکم می باشم تا خدای ناکرده، خون بی گناه بی ناحق ریخته نشود:
1- چون موکلم در زندان بازداشت بوده و دسترسی به امکانات خارج از زندان به خصوص وکیل مدافع نداشت به ناچار تقاضای اعمال ماده 18 قانون تشکیل دادگاههای عمومی و انقلاب خود، مبنی بر رسیدگی مجدد به پرونده و اعاده دادرسی، را در تاریخ 10/5/1387 مرقوم و از همان محل به شعبه 74 دادگاه کیفری استان ارسال می نماید ریاست محترم شعبه در ذیل درخواست موکل دستور می دهند که اعمال ماده 18 اقدام گردد به عبارت دیگر دستور ریاست شعبه حاکی از آن بود که طبق ماده 18 قانون یادشده، پرونده به مرجع ذیصلاح که همان دادستان کل کشور می باشد ارسال شود ولی متاسفانه  به این خواسته قانونی موکل ترتیب اثر داده نشد.اجرای حکم قصاص نفس موکل از این لحاظ که حق وی مبنی بر اعاده دادرسی و درخواست رسیدگی مجدد معلق مانده، جای تردید دارد چه بسا امکان نقض دادنامه صادره از این طریق وجود دارد.
2- در تاریخ 28/5/1384 زمانی که موکل 17 سال بیشتر نداشت به این طریق نزاعی در ونک پارک تهران رخ می دهد که یکی از دوستان موکل به نام حسام با وی تماس می گیرد و موضوع اختلاف خود با فردی به نام امید را مطرح می کند موکل برای حل و فصل اختلاف آنان وارد ماجرا می شود موکل به محل وقوع جنایت می رود و می بیند مقتول با دوستش در حال جر و بحث می باشد موکل آنها را جدا می کند و در حین برگشت مقتول به موکل ناسزا می گوید درگیری بین این دو آغاز می شود موکل ادعا می کند که در دست مقتول چاقو بوده است وی برای دفاع از خود تکه شیشه ای تهیه و در شدت درگیری با شیشه ای که در دست داشت یک بریدگی بر روی سینه مقتول ایجاد می کند و متواری می شود. پرونده ای در این رابطه تشکیل و تحقیقات مقدماتی آغاز می گردد و در نهایت موکل بنا به درخواست اولیاءدم محکوم به مرگ می گردد.
3- موکل به دادنامه صادره از شعبه 74 دادگاه کیفری استان اعتراض می کند و اعلام می دارد که تنها یک ضربه چاقو به مقتول زده و بیش این     ضربه ای وارد نکرده و بارها منکر ارتکاب جرم قتل عمد شده است لیکن قضات شعبه 33 دیوانعالی کشور نیز ترتیب اثر نداده و حکم صادره را طبق دادنامه شماره 134 در مورخه 9/4/1386 تایید می نمایند تایید این دادنامه در حالی است که ایرادات بسیاری در پرونده وجود دارد که تعدادی از آنها را به اختصار بر می شمارم:
اولا- در گواهی پزشکی قانونی جراحتهای وارد به مقتول ذکر شده و علت تامه مرگ نیز عنوان شده است لیکن ادعای موکل که عنوان نموده، تنها یک ضربه به مقتول زده است ترتیب اثر داده نشده است در این مورد لازم و ضروری بود تا مرجع رسیدگی کننده به پرونده، از پزشکی قانونی استعلام می نمود که آیا بریدگیهای وارد شده به مقتول هر دو بر اثر اصابت یک جسم برنده می باشد یا از دو جسم تیز و برنده استفاده شده است. مطمئنا در صورتی که پزشکی قانونی گواهی می نمود یا نماید که از دو جسم برنده استفاده شده است نشان   می دهد شخص دیگری نیز در هنگام درگیری سلاح سرد در دست داشته است و این موضوع تاثیر بسزایی در مسئولیت کیفری موکل دارد.
ثانیا- موکل از بدو دستگیری  و در مراحل دادرسی، اذعان داشته که با شیشه به مقتول آنهم تنها یک ضربه وارد نموده است. برخی از شهود نیز اظهارات موکل را گواهی نموده اند این موضوع می بایست توسط پزشکان پزشکی قانونی مورد بررسی قرار می گرفت که بریدگی ایجاد شده توسط چه نوع جسم برنده ای، ایجاد شده است که متاسفانه تحقیقات در این زمینه تنها در چارچوب بازجویی از شهود صورت گرفته، شهودی که اظهارات متعارضشان، شهادت را از عداد دلایل خارج می کند.
ثالثا- یکی از مواردی که رافع مسئولیت کیفری متهمین یا مجرمین می باشد موضوع دفاع مشروع است متاسفانه مرجع رسیدگی کننده به پرونده در این خصوص نیز هیچگونه تحقیقی به عمل نیاورده است بر مرجع قضایی است که هم دلایل به نفع متهم و هم دلایل به ضرر او را جمع آوری کند در این پرونده دلایل بسیاری وجود دارد که نشان می دهد موکل در مقام دفاع مشروع حتی آن یک ضربه چاقوی مورد ادعای خود را وارد نموده است هر چند او از کرده خویش پشیمان بوده و تقاضای عفو و بخشش از اولیاء دم را دارد.
رابعا- طبق ماده 37 کنوانسیون حقوق کودک که مقرر می نماید :« … مجازات مرگ و یا حبس ابد را بدون امکان بخشودگی نمی توان در مورد کودکان که در سن زیر 18 سالگی مرتکب جرم شده اند اعمال نمود.» و با تصویب مجلس شورای اسلامی در سال 1372 و عدم مغایرت این ماده قانونی با موازین شرعی طبق نظر شورای نگهبان، حکم صادره، مخدوش می باشد.
حال بنا به مراتب فوق که عمده، ایرادات موجود در پرونده می باشد که شبهه جدی در اجرای حکم صادره بر قصاص نفس موکل ایجاد می کند همچون گذشته از آن مقام معظم استدعا دارد ترتیبی اتخاذ فرمایید که پرونده موکل مجدد مورد بررسی قرار گیرد تا خدای ناکرده خون بی گناه به نا حق به زمین ریخته نشود.
در پایان لازم به ذکر است اینجانب در پرونده هایی که جان انسان در معرض خطر بوده است شاهد دقت حضرتعالی و بازرسان ویژه تان بوده ام و دیده ام که چگونه عدالت را با تصمیم های مستند و آگاهانه خود برقرار نموده اید حال از شما می خواهم مجددا با مداقه در محتویات پرونده، این اجازه را ندهید که موکل بالای دار رفته و جانش از بدن خارج گردد که در این صورت دیگر نمی توان جان وی را اعاده نمود.
                                           با تقدیم شایسته ترین احترام
                                       محمد مصطفایی وکیل بهنود شجاعی

URGENT CALL: Hossein Haghi facing execution

AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL

PUBLIC AI Index: MDE 13/056/2008
23 April 2008

UA 107/08 Death penalty

IRAN Hossein Haghi (m), aged 21, child offender

Hossein Haghi is facing execution for a murder committed when he was 16 years old, even though Iran is a state party to international treaties including the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), which expressly prohibit the execution of child offenders.

On 12 August 2003, Hossein Haghi, then aged 16, and his friend, known as Amrollah T, intervened to stop a fight between a friend of theirs and another boy, Mehdi Khalili. A number of others were also involved in the fight. According to his testimony, Hossein Haghi was held from behind, and Mehdi Khalili started hitting him. Hossein Haghi was able to free his hands, and retrieved a knife from his pocket to defend himself. Mehdi Khalili was killed by a knife wound to the chest. Upon his arrest, Hossein Haghi admitted to holding a knife and striking Mehdi Khalili to scare him away. However during his trial, Hossein Haghi denied stabbing Mehdi Khalili to death.

On 8 February 2004 Hossein Haghi was sentenced to qesas (retribution) by Branch 74 of the Criminal Court. Based on his initial confessions he was found guilty of premeditated murder under Article 206 (b) of Iran’s Criminal Code which states: “Murder is classed as premeditated in cases where the murderer intentionally makes an action which is inherently lethal, even if [the murderer] does not intend to kill the person.” On 25 June 2004, the Supreme Court upheld his sentence. Hossein Haghi‘s defence lawyer lodged a petition demanding a review of the case. Though the petition was rejected, the case was re-examined, and has now been referred to Branch 33 of the Supreme Court by the Head of the Judiciary.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

As a state party to both the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), Iran has undertaken not to execute child offenders, those convicted of crimes committed when they were under 18. However, since 1990 Iran has executed at least 28 child offenders, six of them in 2007. At least 80 child offenders are now on death row in Iran. This number may be even higher as at least a further 15 Afghan child offenders have reportedly been sentenced to death. For more information about executions of child offenders in Iran, please see: Iran: The last executioner of children (MDE 13/059/2007, June 2007), http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engmde130592007.

Amnesty International opposes the death penalty in all cases, and supports the global trend away from the use of the death penalty, powerfully expressed in the UN General Assembly’s resolution calling for a worldwide moratorium on executions on 18 December 2007.

RECOMMENDED ACTION: Please send appeals to arrive as quickly as possible, in Persian, Arabic, English or your own language:
– calling on the authorities to commute the death sentence of Hossein Haghi, who is at risk of execution for a crime committed when he was under 18;
– reminding them that Iran is a state party to both the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), which prohibits the use of the death penalty against those under the age of 18 at the time of offence, and that the execution of Hossein Haghi would therefore be a violation of international law;
– urging the authorities to pass legislation to abolish the death penalty for offences committed by people under the age of 18, so bringing Iran’s domestic law in line with its obligations under international law;
– stating that Amnesty International acknowledges the right and responsibility of governments to bring to justice those suspected of criminal offences, but unconditionally opposes the death penalty.

APPEALS TO:
Leader of the Islamic Republic
His Excellency Ayatollah Sayed ‘Ali Khamenei

The Office of the Supreme Leader
Islamic Republic Street – Shahid Keshvar Doust Street
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: info@leader.ir
Salutation: Your Excellency

Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh / Office of the Head of the Judiciary
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran 1316814737, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: info@dadgostary-tehran.ir (In the subject line write: FAO Ayatollah Shahroudi)
Salutation: Your Excellency

COPIES TO:
President
His Excellency Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
The Presidency, Palestine Avenue, Azerbaijan Intersection, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: dr-ahmadinejad@president.ir OR via website: www.president.ir/email

and to diplomatic representatives of Iran accredited to your country.

PLEASE SEND APPEALS IMMEDIATELY. Check with the International Secretariat, or your section office, if sending appeals after 4 June 2008.

URGENT CALL: Saudi boy facing execution

AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL
PUBLIC
AI Index: MDE 23/016/2008
UPDATE
31 March 2008

Further information on UA 116/07 (MDE 23/019/2007, 17 May 2007) and follow-up (MDE 23/030/2007, 2 August 2007) – Death Penalty / Fear of imminent execution

SAUDI ARABIA

Mohamed Kohail (m), aged 23, Canadian national
Sultan Kohail (m), aged 17, Canadian national

New name:      Mehanna Sa’d (m), aged 22, Jordanian national

A Jordanian national, Mehanna Sa’d, is now known to have been sentenced to death together with Canadian national Mohamed Kohail. Both men have appealed; if their appeals are rejected they will be in imminent danger of execution. Mohamed Kohail’s 17-year-old brother, Sultan, is also at risk of being sentenced to death.

Mohamed Kohail and Mehanna Sa’d were charged with the murder of a Syrian boy, who died in a schoolyard brawl in January 2007. They were sentenced to death in March 2008 after proceedings which reportedly fell short of international fair trial standards. They were first held incommunicado for approximately a month and a half, and beaten in an attempt to make them confess. Their trial before the Jeddah General Court took place over nine sessions. Their lawyer was allowed to attend only the last one or two, and was not allowed to challenge the evidence brought against his clients.

Sultan Kohail, who was arrested with his brother Mohamed and Mehanna Sa’d, was released on bail and is said to be facing trial before Jeddah Summary Court. This court does not have the power to impose the death penalty. However, Sultan is due to face murder charges, and could be referred to the General Court, where he could be sentenced to death, even though he is 17 years old. Saudi Arabia is a state party to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and so has undertaken not to execute anyone for crimes committed when they were under 18.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION


Saudi Arabia applies the death penalty for a wide range of offences, including offences with no lethal consequences, and does so following trials which invariably fall short of the most basic international standards. Hearings are often held in secret, and defendants are permitted barely any formal legal representation. They may be convicted solely on the basis of confessions obtained under duress or deception. In many cases defendants and their families are not informed of the progress of legal proceedings against them. Prisoners under sentence of death may not be informed of the date of execution until the morning when they are taken out and beheaded.

The number of executions in 2008 is increasing fast. In 2007 the authorities executed at least 158 people, of whom 76 were foreign nationals. At least 37 people, of whom 13 were foreign nationals, have been executed since 8 January 2008.

RECOMMENDED ACTION: Please send appeals to arrive as quickly as possible, in Arabic, English or your own language:

– calling on the authorities to ensure that in their appeal Mohamed Kohail and Mehanna Sa’d are able to address the irregularities of their trial and death sentence in fair and transparent hearings;
– reminding the authorities that they are bound by international standards for fair trial in capital cases, in particular the UN Safeguards Guaranteeing the Protection of the Rights of Those Facing the Death Penalty, which guarantee adequate opportunity for defence and appeal, and prohibits the imposition of the death penalty when there is room for alternative interpretation of the evidence;
– urging the King to commute the death sentences if they are upheld on appeal;
– expressing concern that 17-year-old Sultan Kohail may still be at risk of being sentenced to death and asking the authorities to guarantee that this will not happen, as Saudi Arabia is a state party to the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

APPEALS TO:

Please note that you may experience difficulties sending faxes on Thursdays and Fridays, which are the weekend in Saudi Arabia.

His Majesty King Abdullah Bin ‘Abdul ‘Aziz Al-Saud
The Custodian of the two Holy Mosques
Office of His Majesty the King
Royal Court, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Fax:     (via Ministry of the Interior) 011 966 1 403 1185 (may be difficult to reach)
Salutation:       Your Majesty

His Royal Highness Prince Naif bin ‘Abdul ‘Aziz Al-Saud
Minister of the Interior
Ministry of the Interior
P.O. Box 2933
Airport Road, Riyadh 11134
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Fax:                 011 966 1 403 1185 (may be difficult to reach)
Salutation:       Your Royal Highness

His Royal Highness Prince Saud al-Faisal bin ‘Abdul ‘Aziz Al-Saud
Minister of Foreign Affairs
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Nasseriya Street
Riyadh 11124
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Fax:                 011 966 1 403 0645
Salutation:       Your Royal Highness

COPIES TO:

His Excellency Abdulaziz H.I. ALSOWAYEGH
Ambassador for  Saudi Arabia
201 Sussex Drive
Ottawa, Ontario K1N 1K6
Fax: (613) 237-0567

16 year old to be executed in Sudan

An Appeals Court has confirmed sentences of death on ten individuals in Sudan. At least one of them: Al-Tayeb Abdel Aziz (m),  was a 15 year old the time of the alleged crime. Following is an urgent call by Amnesty International.

URGENT ACTION
AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL
PUBLIC
AI Index: AFR 54/003/2008
UPDATE
19 March 2008

Further Information on UA 302/07 (AFR 54/064/2007, 12 November 2007) Death Penalty

SUDAN

Al-Tayeb Abdel Aziz (m), aged 16
Ishaq Mohammed Sanousi (m), aged 71
Abdel Hay Omar (m)
Mustafa Adam (m)
Mohammed Birgid (m)
Hassan Adam Fadel (m)
Adam Ibrahim (m)
Jamaleddin Isa (m)
Abdel Magid Ali Abdel Magid (m)
Sabir Hassan (m)

On 13 March the Khartoum-North Court of Appeals confirmed the death sentences on 10 people. They were sentenced to death in November for the murder of Mohammed Taha, Editor of al-Wifaq newspaper, in September 2006.

One of those facing execution, Al-Tayeb Abdel Aziz, was 15 years old at the time of the murder. Another of the group, Ishaq Mohammed Sanousi, is thought to be 71 years old. All those sentenced to death said that they had been tortured to confess to the murder and been forced to sign confessions, which were later produced in court. All 10 people retracted their confessions in court, but the Appeal Court accepted the confessions as evidence against them.

The 10 have now appealed to the Supreme Court, where a panel of three judges will hear the appeal. A further appeal is possible to the Constitutional Court, whose final decision has to be ratified by the President.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Mohammed Taha was an outspoken newspaper editor who had also angered Islamists after writing an article discussing the ancestry of the Prophet Mohammed, after which he was arrested by the security services. He was also said to have written articles attacking Darfuris.

During their investigation into the murder of Mohammed Taha, police focussed on Darfuris and rounded up 72 people, including women and children. Nearly all those detained said that they were tortured to give information or confessions. Most were released but 19 were brought to trial. During the trial, the judge released eight because they had confessed under duress but failed to release others who also said that they were tortured.

Amnesty International is concerned that the use of torture to extract confessions is built into the Sudanese system of justice by Article 10(i) of the Law of Evidence of 1993, which states that “… evidence is not dismissed solely because it has been obtained through an improper procedure, if the court is satisfied that it is independent and admissible”.

Amnesty International opposes the death penalty unconditionally in all situations as a violation of the right to life and the ultimate cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment.  The use of the death penalty against child offenders is prohibited under international law. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), both have provisions exempting children under 18 from execution. Sudan has a responsibility to adhere to these international laws.

RECOMMENDED ACTION: Please send fresh appeals at this stage, to

– emphasize that the authorities have a right and duty to try those who are reasonably suspected of having committed crimes but defendants must be given fair trials;
– express concern at Article 10(i) of the Law of Evidence of 1993 which states that “… evidence is not dismissed solely because it has been obtained through an improper procedure, if the court is satisfied that it is independent and admissible”, and stress that such a rule is incompatible with international standards which outlaw torture;
– state your opposition to the death penalty which is the ultimate cruel inhuman and degrading punishment and is a violation of the right to life;
– call on the authorities to abide by their obligations under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 37 of which states that “No child shall be subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Neither capital punishment nor life imprisonment without possibility of release shall be imposed for offences committed by persons below eighteen years of age”;
– call for the death sentences against the 10 to be overturned;
– call for allegations of torture to be investigated, and any security official who is found to have used torture to be brought to justice.

APPEALS TO:

Abdel Baset Saleh Sabderat
Minister of Justice
Ministry of Justice
PO Box 302
Khartoum, Sudan
Fax:                 011 249 183 770883
Salutation:       Dear Minister

Ibrahim Mohamed Hamed
Minister of the Interior
Ministry of the Interior
PO Box 2793
Khartoum, Sudan
Fax:                 011 249 183 776554 (Please mark it “FAO Minister of Internal Affairs”)
Salutation:       Dear Minister

COPIES TO:

Her Excellency Dr. Faiza Hassan TAHA ARMOUSA
Ambassador for the Republic of Sudan
354 Stewart Street
Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6K8
Fax:                 (613) 235-6880
E-mail:            sudanembassy-canada@rogers.com<>>

Dr Priscilla Joseph
Chair of the Human Rights Committee
National Assembly
Omdurman, Sudan
Fax:                 011 249 187 560 950
Salutation:       Dear Dr Joseph

Your prompt response is valuable and appreciated.

URGENT CALL by Amnesty: 4 juveniles to be executed

PUBLIC                        AI Index: MDE 13/049/2008                 
13 March 2008

UA 71/08        Fear of execution        
       
IRAN        Naser Qasemi (m), aged 23                ]
                Mohammad Reza Haddadi (m), aged 18                ]
             Reza Hejazi (m), aged 19                ] child offenders
                Iman Hashemi (m), aged 18                ]

Naser Qasemi, Mohammad Reza Haddadi and Reza Hejazi are all in prison awaiting execution for murder. The death sentence of Iman Hashem is expected to be approved imminently. All are all in prison awaiting execution for murder. They were all aged under 18 at the time of their alleged crimes and their death sentences have been approved. They could all be hanged at any time. The Head of the Judiciary has the power to issue a stay of execution at this stage.

Naser Qasemi, from Kermanshah province in western Iran, was 15 years old in 1999 when he and an uncle, who was armed, tried to steal some maize from a farm near his home. They were discovered by farm workers, and in the fight that ensued, one of the farm workers was shot and killed. The uncle initially escaped but Naser was arrested and charged with murder. He has been detained for eight years, during which he has faced a number of trials and retrials, as a result of which he was sentenced to death on three occasions. The victim’s family have demanded 1,500 million Rials (approximately US $164,000) as diyeh (“blood money”),  but Naser Qasemi’s family have been unable to raise this amount. The Society for the Right to Life (Anjoman-e Haq-e Hayat), an Iranian human rights group has been campaigning on his behalf. It is not clear where he is being held.

Mohammad Reza Haddadi, aged 18, is held in Adelabad prison in the city of Shiraz. He was sentenced to death in January 2004 by a court in Kazeroun for the murder of a man in 2003. He had confessed to the murder, but retracted the confession during his trial, saying he had claimed responsibility for the killing because his two co-defendants had offered his family money if he did so. Mohammad Reza Haddadi stated during the trial that he had not taken part in murder of a man who had offered him and the two others a lift in his car. The two others later supported Mohammad Reza Haddadi’s claims of innocence, and withdrew their testimony that implicated him in the murder. His co-defendants, both over 18 at the time of the crime, are said to have received lesser sentences. However, in July 2005, a branch of the Supreme Court upheld the death sentence against Mohammad Reza Haddadi. The case is awaiting final approval by Ayatollah Shahroudi, the Head of Iran’s Judiciary.

Juvenile offenders Reza Hejazi and Iman Hashemi are imprisoned in the Central Prison in the city of Esfahan, in central Iran.

Reza Hejazi – then aged 15 – was among a small group of people involved in a dispute with a man on 18 September 2004, which resulted in the man being fatally stabbed. Reza Hejazi was arrested and tried for murder, and on 14 November 2005 he was sentenced to Qesas (retribution) by Branch 106 of the Esfahan General Court. The sentence was approved by Branch 28 of the Supreme Court on 6 June 2006, although under Iranian law he should have been tried in a juvenile court. The case was referred for mediation between Reza Hejazi and the victim’s family, to try and arrange for the payment of diyeh, but no sum has yet been agreed. If no agreement is reached, Reza Hejazi will be executed.  

Iman Hashemi was 17 in June 2007 when his brother Majid was arrested for fatal stabbing of a man in a fight. Following his brother’s arrest, Iman Hashemi was said to have presented himself to the investigating authorities and confessed to having murdered the man, though he later implied in court that he had been coerced into confessing. Despite his family’s insistence that he was innocent, a court in Esfahan sentenced him to Qesas for murder on 13 January 2007. On 26 May 2007, Branch 42 of the Supreme Court upheld the verdict. Distraught, on 29 September 2007 his brother Majid set himself on fire. Four months later he died of his injuries. The verdict has not been approved by the Head of the Judiciary.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Iran is one of only six countries in the world in which child offenders may face execution. This is despite Iran’s obligations under international law, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, to prohibit the execution of juvenile offenders. In the last four years Iran has executed more child offenders than in all those other countries combined. At least 79 child offenders are now on death row in Iran. This number could be considerably higher since not all sentences may have been made public. For more information about executions of child offenders in Iran, please see: Iran: The last executioner of children (MDE 13/059/2007, June 2007), http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engmde130592007 Amnesty International opposes the death penalty in all cases, and supports the global trend away from the use of the death penalty, powerfully expressed in the UN General Assembly’s resolution calling for a worldwide moratorium on executions on 18 December 2007.

RECOMMENDED ACTION: Please send appeals to arrive as quickly as possible, in English, French, Arabic, Persian or your own language:
– calling for an immediate halt to the executions of Naser Qasimi, Mohammad Reza Haddadi, Reza Hejazi and Iman Hashemi, all convicted of crimes allegedly committed when they were under the age of 18;
– calling on the authorities to declare a moratorium on the implementation of the death penalty as called for by the UN General Assembly in December 2007, and to commute the death sentences passed on Naser Qasimi, Mohammad Reza Haddadi, Reza Hejazi and Iman Hashemi;
– reminding the authorities that Iran is a state party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which prohibit the use of the death penalty against people convicted of crimes committed when they were under 18.

APPEALS TO:


Leader of the Islamic Republic
His Excellency Ayatollah Sayed ‘Ali Khamenei

The Office of the Supreme Leader
Islamic Republic Street – Shahid Keshvar Doust Street
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email:                 info@leader.ir
Salutation:         Your Excellency

Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh / Office of the Head of the Judiciary
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran 1316814737, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email:                 info@dadgostary-tehran.ir (In the subject line write: FAO Ayatollah Shahroudi)
Salutation:         Your Excellency

COPIES TO:
President
His Excellency Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
The Presidency, Palestine Avenue, Azerbaijan Intersection, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email:                 dr-ahmadinejad@president.ir OR via website: www.president.ir/email

and to diplomatic representatives of Iran accredited to your country.
PLEASE SEND APPEALS IMMEDIATELY. Check with the International Secretariat, or your section office, if sending appeals after 24 April 2008.

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